Sebagai warga Banten yang baik, rasanya saya punya kewajiban untuk membantu para wisatawan yang berkunjung ke Pantai Anyer, Carita dan sekitarnya agar bisa sampai ke tujuan dengan cepat, aman dan nyaman. Karena instansi terkait kurang memberikan petunjuk mengenai jalur alternatif menuju wisata Pantai Anyer, mudah-mudahan tulisan ini bisa bermanfaat.
Bagi wisatawan dari arah Jakarta dan sekitarnya yang ingin berlibur ke Pantai Anyer, Carita, Karang Bolong dan sekitarnya, saya sarankan dalam 3 bulan ke depan tidak mengambil jalur biasa yaitu : EXIT TOL CILEGON TIMUR/BARAT - CIWANDAN - PASAR ANYAR - ANYER.
Saya sangat tidak merekomendasikan mengambil jalur tersebut karena saat ini sedang dilaksanakan perbaikan jalan dengan pengecoran beton di sekitar Ciwandan (sekitar pintu KIEC / Krenceng). Selain itu, kondisi jalan juga rusak berat dikarenakan banyaknya Truk Tronton Pengangkut Batu ke Proyek PLTU Labuan.
Dikarenakan pengecoran jalan beton ini harus mencapai umur minimal 21 hari untuk bisa dilewati, maka saat ini hanya satu lajur saja yang boleh dilewati. Pengecoran jalan juga dilakukan spot - spot pada beberapa titik. Sehingga antrian mobil cukup panjang karena harus lewat bergiliran. Jadi, yang awalnya ingin liburan buat refreshing, kalau dalam perjalanan macet dan jalannya rusak, hilang deh refreshing nya.
Saya sarankan lewat JALUR ALTERNATIF : EXIT GERBANG TOL SERANG TIMUR - MASUK KOTA SERANG - JALAN SUDIRMAN - A YANI - CICERI - MALL SERANG / ALUN2 - KANTOR GUBERNUR, BELOK KANAN - 50 METER, MENTOK BELOK KIRI KE JALAN MAYOR SYAFEI - LAMPU MERAH KE 1 (ada Indomart di kiri), LEWATI - PERTIGAAN KEPANDEAN, BELOK KIRI KE JALAN LETNAN JIDUN - 100 m ada perempatan (SIMPANG BRIMOB), BELOK KANAN MENUJU TAKTAKAN - GUNUNG SARI - MANCAK - PASAR ANYAR.
Ikuti jalu tersebut, anda akan keluar di Pasar Anyar (depan mesjid). Dari situ jalan yang dilewati sudah lumayan bagus dan tidak macet.
Jika mengambil jalur Taktakan - Gunung Sari - Mancak - Anyer ini, anda akan menempu jarak sekitar 36 Km. Sekitar 13,5 Km dari Simpang Taktakan / Simpang Brimob, akan ada simpang tiga. Anda ambil jalan yang ke kanan yang berbelok menekuk. Tapi ada rambu penunjuk arah koq, jgn khawatir. Jalan memang tidak terlalu lebar (sekitar 4,5 - 5 m). Tetapi kondisi jalan secara umum cukup baik. Menempuh jalu ini dengan kecepatan normal (35 - 45 Km / Jam) memerlukan waktu sekitar 60 menit. Jalur ini terdapat banyak tikungan - tikungan dan turunan / tanjakan yang kurang standar (curam dan berkelok). Tetapi ini hanya dibagian tengahnya saja sampai menjelang ujung. Kondisi jalan yang berkelok2 mewajibkan anda untuk ekstra hati - hati, jangan terlalu ngebut dan ugal - ugalan. Cukup kecepatan maksimal 40 Km / jam saja.
Namun kondisi jalan yang berkelok2 terbayar lunas oleh pemandangan di sisi kiri dan kanan anda yang indah dan hijau. Sepanjang perjalanan anda akan disuguhi pemandangan bukit, gunung, lembah dan sawah yang hijau. Anda juga dapat berhenti sejenak ditengah - tengah jalur ini untuk melihat keindahan Cagar Alam RAWADANO.
Jika anda ingin mengambil rute ini, patokannya exit Tol Serang Timur, lalu anda menuju KEPANDEAN dan tanyakan Simpang Taktakan atau Simpang Brimob. Ambil arah ke Anyer.
Alternatif kedua jika tujuannya Pantai Carita, selain bisa menggunakan jalur Taktakan - Gn sari - mancak - Anyer, anda juga bisa menggunakan JALUR PALIMA - CIOMAS - CINANGKA / PASANG TENENG. dengan jarak tempuh 41, 00 Km. Rute nya sebagai berikut : EXIT TOL SERANG TIMUR - BELOK KANAN AMBIL ARAH TERMINAL PAKUPATAN - LEWATI TERMINAL PAKUPATAN, 100 m DARI TERMINAL ADA PERTIGAAN DENGAN LAMPU MERAH, BELOK KANAN MENUJU PALIMA, IKUTI RUTE INI SEKITAR 10 KM - LEWATI POLDA BANTEN - LEWATI PUSPEM PROVINSI BANTEN - SAMPAI PEREMPATAN PALIMA (YANG TIDAK ADA LAMPU MERAH, AMBIL ARAH LURUS KE CIOMAS - DI PERTIGAAN CIOMAS BELOK KANAN (JANGAN LURUS) - IKUTI RUTE JALAN YANG BERHOTMIX - KELUAR DI CINANGKA (LEWAT PASAR SIRIH SEDIKIT). Jalur alternatif ini sama memiliki medan berkelok dan naik turun, tetapi pemandangannya indah.
Bagi yang sering mabuk perjalanan, dua jalur alternatif diatas tadi memang tidak direkomendasikan. Tetapi jika kendaraan tidak terlalu dipacu dan diselingi oleh istirahat disepanjang perjalanan mungkin bisa juga.
Jadi, tetaplah berwisata ke Pantai Anyer, Karang Bolong, Carita dan Sekitarnya. Karena kunjungan anda ke Banten sangat berarti bagi industri wisata kami khususnya wisata pantai selat sunda. Oke, selamat berwisata, DRIVE SAFE !.
Banten in the past is a region that has very busy port city and the community were open and prosperous. Banten which is locate at international trade path, interact with the outside world since the early centuries of Christian era. Banten in the 7th century has become international port. And as the consequence, it believedthat Islam have entered and interact with the local culture, as told in the news Tome Pires in the year 1513.
The process of Islamization of Banten, preceded by Sunan Ampel, which is then continued by Syarif Hidayatullah (Sunan Gunung Jati), which all recorded in the script Carita Purwaka Caruban Nagari. The history phase that the influence of Islam became stronger were happened when Regent Banten sister, Nyai Kawunganten, with Syarif Hidayatullah who then has born two children who were given the name of Ratu Ayu Wulung and Hasanuddin as embryo of the start of phase history of the Banten Kingdom as Islamic Kingdom. (Djajadiningrat, 1983:161 ). Together with his son, Sunan Gunung Jati widen the influence of Islam spread to the entire Tatar Sunda (West Java / Parahyangan) until his time came to return to Cirebon (Cherbone).
The surrender of Prabu Pucuk Umun at Wahanten Girang in the year 1525 were became the start of the next milestone to be the era of Islamic kingdom of Banten as the central government move from Banten's hinterland to the coastal area on 1 Muharram 933 Hijriah Year, coinciding with the date of 8 October 1526 (Michrob and Chudari, 1993:61).
As the brilliant geo-political understanding of Sunan Gunung Jati, he determine the position of the palace, forts, markets, and the square to be built near the Banten estuary river, which was then given the name Surosowan. Only in 26 years, Banten became increasingly large and advanced, and by the year 1552 BC, which was only Banten Kadipaten changed into a state of Demak with Hasanuddin constituted as king in the Sultanate of Banten with a degree Maulana Hasanuddin Panembahan Surosowan (Pudjiastuti, 2000:61 ).
When it became the center of Banten Sultanate, as reported by J. de Barros, Banten is a one of the biggest port in Java, as same as MalaccaPort. City of Banten is located at a coastal area in mid-bay, which up to three miles wide. The City length are 850 depa. In the seaside the city length are 400 depa; deeper were longer. Through the middle of the city there is a crystal clear river, where the type of junk ships and sail gale can enter. Along the outskirts of the city there is a creek, that only small boats can sail entry. On the fringe of a city there is a fortress that the walls made of brick that haswide breadth seven palm. The buildings defend made by wood, consisting of two levels, and armored with a good weapon. In the middle of town there is a square that is used for the purposes of military activities and art and as a market in the morning. King's palace is located in the south plaza. There is a building next to the elevated and flat roofed, called Srimanganti, which is used as a place to look in the face with the king of his people. In the west plaza established a magnificent mosque (Djajadiningrat, 1983:84).
In the early 17th century BC, Banten is one of the important central commerce international routes in Asia. Modern government and port administration were support for the growth economic of community. When the Dutch arrived in Banten for the first time, the Portuguese has long been into Banten. Then the English established their company in Banten, and followed by the Dutch.
Beside that, the French and Dannish also have came in Banten. In competition between Europe traders, the Netherlands emerged as the winner. The Portuguese fled from Banten (1601), after their fleet destroyed by Dutch fleet at Banten coastal area. The English were gone from Batavia (1619) and Banten (1684) as a result of the Dutch action (Ekadjati (ed.), 1984:97).
The form of the interaction of culture and society of Banten first can be seen from the growth of the population that came from various regions in Indonesia such as Malay, Ternate, Banjar, Banda, Bugis, Makassar, and from Java it self and also from outside the archipelago, such as Pegu (Burma ), Siam, Parsi, Arabic, Turkish, Bengali, and Chinese (Leur, 1960:133-134; Tjiptoatmodjo, 1983:64). At least this is the historical fact which contributed to the Banten greatness and glory.
In efforts to build Banten, Maulana Hasanuddin as Banten Sultan, first (1522-1570), focuses on the development of the trade sector with pepper as the main commodities, which are taken from Banten own area and other regions in the area of Banten such as Jayakarta, Lampung, and the farthest from the Bengkulu (Tjandrasasmita, 1975:323).
Influence expansion also become the focus of Sultan Hasanuddin through the expeditions to inland and other ports. Sunda Kelapa as the one of the largest port has successful conquered in the year 1527 and the conquer of Sunda Kalapa is marked with a change of name Sunda Kalapa to "Jayakarta". With the conquer of Jayakarta, Banten hold strategic role in the pepper trade that thwart efforts under Portuguese Henrique de Leme in his effort to make business partnership with the King of Sunda (Kartodirdjo, 1992:33-34).
After Maulana Hasanuddin death, the government followed by Maulana Yusuf (1570-1580), his first son from Queen Ayu Kirana, daughter of Demak Sultan. Banten widespread notoriety when the expansion political successfully conquered Pakuan Pajajaran that also assisted by the Cirebon in 1579 so that the Kingdom of Sunda finally collapse (Atha, 1986:151-152189).
During under the leadership of Maulana Yusuf, the agricultural sector grew rapidly and expanded to pass the Serang today, whereas to meet the needs of water for rice fields was made irrigation canal and dam. Lakes (artificial) Tasikardi is a source to fulfill the clean water for city residents, as well as a source for water irrigation for the rice field area around the city. Water filtration system with a precipitation method in Pengindelan Abang and Pengindelan Putih is evidence of water management technology in that period.
During the reign of Maulana Yusuf, trade in Banten were very advanced and Banten can be regarded as a harbor city emporium, where goods, merchandise from many other countries of the world come and then distributed (Michrob and Chudari, 1993:82-83). The settlement of migrants Growth and development going abroad at this time. Kampung Pekojan example for the Arab traders, Gujarat, Egypt, and Turkey, which is located west of Karangantu Market. Kampung Chinatown for the Chinese merchants, which is located west of Masjid Agung Banten.
After Maulana Yusuf died in 1580, Banten glorius era forwarded by Maulana Muhammad. Maulana Muhammad, known as a sultan who is very righteous. For the sake of the spread of Islam, he wrote many books of Islam, which was then distributed to the need. Welfare and quality of life of the mosque is coloring his era even though he did not take long the government because of the tragic death in the war in Pelembang in 1596 in at the very young age, about 25 years.
After Maulana Muhammad died, Banten enter declension time when the conflict and civil war coloring family kingdom especially during the guardianship Abul Mufakhir Mahmud Abdul Kadir whom is five months when his father died. The Peak of the civil war begin from Pailir events, and after that Banten started to recover themselves.
By the end of the period of Sultan Muda guardianship in January 1624, Sultan Abdul Mufakir Mahmud Abdul Kadir was appointed as the Sultan of Banten (1596-1651). The new Sultan is known as a wise and prudent attention to the interests of his people. Agriculture, shipping, and public health became his attention. He successfully establish diplomatic relations with other countries, especially with the Moslem countries. He is the first sultan from Banten that get a degree from the Arabian ruler from (1636). Sultan Abdul Mufakhir be firmly against anyone who will want to impose Banten. For example, he refused VOC willingness that would impose a monopoly of trade in Banten (Ekadjati (ed.), 1984:97-98). As the result of this policy, his government era colored by tension and also trade blockade by VOC against Banten.
The conflict between Banten and VOC get more sharply when the Dutch VOC obtain a position in Batavia. Trade competition with Banten was never end. VOC made a strategy to blockade trade the port of Banten, prohibit and prevent ships from China and boats from the Maluku to be trading to the port and the impact that the port Banten almost paralyzed. Heroic resistance against the VOC happened in November 1633 with the "guerrilla" in the sea as a "pirate" and in the mainland as a "hijacker" which provoked VOC to expedition to Tanam, Anyer, and Lampung. Banten city itself many times been blockade. The war situation continues for six years, and tensions are still going up to the death of the Sultan Abul Mufakhir in 1651 and replaced by Prince Adipati Anom Surya, the son of Abu al-Ma'ali Ahmad a.k.a Prince Ratu Ing Banten a.k.a Sultan Abufath Abdulfattah or more known as the Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa (1651-1672).
Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa who experts in war strategy successful build the Banten soldier mental with brought religious teachers from Arabic, Aceh, Makassar, and other areas. With his big concern to the development of Islamic religious education were also encouraging rapid progress of Islam during the reign.
The Port of Banten that at the first blocked by VOC slowly but surely began to recover when Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa successfully attract other European trading nations, such as English, French, Danish, Portuguese, which is the heavy competitor for VOC. This strategy not only successfully recover Banten trade but at the same time solve the conflict into political competition trading among European nations.
Besides developing trade, Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa also persistent attempts to extend the influence and power to the region Priangan, Cirebon, Batavia and surrounding areas to prevent the expansion Mataram Authority that has been signed in the early 17th century. In addition, to prevent the force of VOC monopoly trade that ultimately the goal is to control the political Banten (Kartodirdjo, 1988:113-115150-154204-209). VOC that threatened by the spreading influence of the Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa in the year 1655 proposes to the Sultan of Banten in order to make a treaty that has been almost 10 years to be made by his grandfather in 1645. However, the Sultan didnot emphatically to update as the VOC want to win themselves.
Although he was being busy with the conflict with the VOC, the Sultan still make efforts to create a channel of water for irrigation as well as ease of transportation in the war. It also means that efforts to increase agricultural production is closely related to the welfare of the people and for logistics distribution if the war happen. Because of his concern and activity to built irrigation channels and connecting rivers that extends along the north coast, then he has a degree Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa (Tirta in English mean Water, yasa or jasa mean services).
Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa effort to increase politics and diplomacy in shipping and trade with other nations increasingly enhanced. Port of Banten increasingly visited by the foreign trader from Persia, India, Arabia, China, Japan, Philippines, Malayu, Pegu, and other. Similarly with the friendly nations from European such as with the England, France, Denmark, and Turkey.
Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa has brought Banten to the top of it’s achievement. He also have successfully in agriculture with irrigation system and he was successful preparing the war armada, expand diplomatic relations, and increase the volume of trade so Banten finally put themselves actively in the world of international trade in Asia (Ekadjati (ed.), 1984:98).
The Peak of the conflict between the Banten and VOC occured after the Agreement Amangurat II, that VOC brings the political influence of the Sultanate of Banten, and after the Trunojoyo rebellion can be quenched, Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa had to be dealing with the VOC (Wangania, 1995:44). At the same time Banten Sultanate's were broken from the inside. The prince, Sultan Abu Nasr Abdul Kahar, who was known as Sultan Haji was promote to help his father to manage in the country affairs, while foreign affairs held by the Sultan Purbaya. This situation was used by VOC to approach and instigated Sultan Haji against his father. With the help of VOC troops, in the year 1681 Sultan Haji was successfull coup the palace Surasowan who then was under between father and son up to one year duration until Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa caught due to betrayal own son, Sultan Haji. Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa imprisoned in Batavia until he died in 1692 and later he buried in Great Mosque Complex in Banten (Ekadjati, 1995:101-102; Encyclopedia of Sunda, 2000:661; Wangania, 1995:45).
With the agreement signed on 17 April 1684 between the Sultanate of Banten, represented by the Sultan Abdul Kahar, Prince Dipaningrat, Kiai Suko Tajuddin, Prince Natanagara, and Prince Natawijaya, the Netherlands, represented by President of the Commission and the Commander Francois Tack, Captain Herman Dirkse Wonderpoel, Evenhart van der Schuer, and the captain from MelayuWan Abdul Bagus, the glorius and of Banten Sultanate were gone, as it swallowed Kompeni colonial monopoly and, as a result of this agreement Banten Sultanate entered to collapse. Step by step The Kompeni start to rule Banten Sultanate. Kompeni fort begin to built in 1684-1685 in the former sultanate fort that destroyed, and the fortress was designed by an architect that has been converted to Islam and a member of the sultanate called Hendrick LucaszoonCardeel. The Fort then named Speelwijk to remember the Governor General Speelma. Thus, practically Banten as the center of Sultanate and power has been weak. Also Banten as the central role of trading between nations has been closed. No more freedom to trade (Tjandrasasmita, 1995:118)
People suffering not only because cleaning up pursuivant Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa, tax rates and pay cost of war, beside that because of the trade monopoly by Kompeni. People were forced to sell the agricultural comodity, especially pepper and clove, to Kompeni through the appointed sultanate officers, with a very low price. The King seems just as the Kompeni employees that only collect pepper from people. The trader such as British, French, and Danish, expelled from Banten because help Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa in the war in the past.
Disturbance for the riot, rebellion, and chaos in all areas of governance during the flare Sultan Haji. Robbery and murderer of the traders and Kompeni patrols, both in and outside the city, often going everywhere. Even happened the burning that destroy 2/3 all of the buildings in the city. Insecurity also occurred at sea, many ships Kompeni hijacked by the "pirate nation" that lurk in the waters around Bojonegara now. Most people do not acceptSultan Haji as Sultan. Thus, the life of the Sultan Haji always be in the anxiety and fear. However his sorry against bad treatment of his father, brothers, friends, and soldiers that there is always faithful. However, everything is done. Kompeni who are considered as friends and the guardian, eventually becoming master that he must serve. Because the pressures, the Sultan Haji fall ill and die in the year 1687. He burried in Sedakingkin Cemetary, north of Banten Great Mosque, in parallel with the graves of his father, Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa (Ismail, 1983:7; Tjandrasasmita, 1967:46; Michrob and Chudari, 1993:164).
After that event, Banten entered the history phase as part of the Dutch colony. Sporadically resistance become usual into the thick of the next government that is not practical as a sovereign state as the Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa, who have successfully establish a modern sovereign state.
Geographically, Banten located South Latitude of 5º 7’ 50” - 7º 1’ 11” and East Longitude of 105º 1’ 11” - 106º 7’ 12”. It located between West Java and Sumatra. Banten provincial population is 8,956,229 people (according to 2003 data). In the western part of the province, there is a famous volcano, which burst in 1883. Volcanoes are located in the Sunda strait, and called Krakatau. Administratively, the province of Banten consist of eight (8) regional level, the district Serang, Pandeglang, Lebak, and Tangerang, and the city of Serang, Cilegon, South Tangerang and Tangerang.
Banten region Banten has an area of 8.651,20 Km2. Banten Province borders are :
North: JavaSea
East: DKIJakartaProvince dan WestJavaProvince
South: Indian Ocean
West : SundaStrait
Banten’s maritime areas are one of the potential sea lines. SundaStrait is one of the sea lines which can be passed through by big ships--connecting Australia, New Zealand, with Southeast Asia regions such as Thailand, Malaysia and Singapore. Besides, Banten becomes the connecting line between two Indonesia’s big islands, Java and Sumatera. Having the geographical and governmental borders with the Country’s Capital, Banten region, especially the Municipality of Tangerang and Tangerang Regency has become a supporting area for the Country’s CapitalCity. In the economic sector, Banten has plenty of industries. Banten provincial area also has some sea ports developed as an anticipation of overcapacity from Jakarta’s sea ports. And it is not impossible for Banten sea ports to become an alternative to Singapore’s sea ports.
Banten province has a tropical climate. Banten experiencing the rainy season and dry season which alternate throughout the year, with the average temperature is 28 ° C. Area in the southern part of Banten province is dominated by hills, while the coastal region dominated in the north. Agriculture or plantation of the province this is coffee, vegetables, and fruits.
Banten residents who have strong religious traditions and native culture to the people still awake now. Religion of the majority of the population is Islamic Banten, which was brought by immigrants from Sumatra and Sulawesi in the century to around 15. Although Islam came from Arabia, but of Islam in Banten keunikannya has retired. Various unique eventually make a lot of artists and musicians born out of this province.
The cities that most of the population in the province of Banten is Serang, Cilegon and Tangerang. Object-winning tour of this province is Anyer. Anyer is used is a small village, an area to grow because of the beauty tours white sand beach. Now we can also enjoy various water facilities in the tourism Anyer, besides the beautiful beach.
